巧用地道词汇,让托福写作更精彩
2014-03-09 10:23 | 编辑:川外出国培训部  来自:未知 
导读:新托福写作应该如何提高?作为一门国外类的考试的一部分,写作时候的用词表达就非常重要。恰当而富有特色的表达往往能够增加词汇的鲜活力。我们常常在看老外的文章时会发现,他们的一篇文章用,名词出现的概率相当的高。不仅如此,对名词喜爱的程度更是到了
    新托福写作应该如何提高?作为一门国外类的考试的一部分,写作时候的用词表达就非常重要。恰当而富有特色的表达往往能够增加词汇的鲜活力。我们常常在看老外的文章时会发现,他们的一篇文章用,名词出现的概率相当的高。不仅如此,对名词喜爱的程度更是到了把动词都要名词化,而且经常性的使用抽象名词,因此在写作时,如果能够投其所好,自然能够得到加分。
 
简单说,名词化即是动词或形容词被用作名词的现象。比如动词转成名词:discovery->discovery, move->movement, refuse->refusal,又比如形容词转成名词:careless->carelessness, difficult->difficulty, intense->intensity。那么什么情况下,我们需要进行名词化呢?
 
A.谓语动词的宾语部分
 
原句:I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.
 
名词化:I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.
 
B.结合被动形式
 
原句:If people decide without enough persuasive information,...
 
名词化:If a decision is made without enough persuasive information,...
 
C.取代诸如从句中“the fact that”的用法
 
原句:The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.
 
名词化:My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.
 
更好的名词化:a. When I denied his accusations, I impressed the jury.
 
b. In denying his accusations, I impressed the jury.
 
D.名词化部分用在there is/are的后面
 
原句:We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.
 
名词化:There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.
 
原句:The floods considerably eroded the land.
 
名词化:There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.
 
然而,有些时候,在我们的新托福写作方式中认为理所应当使用“名词化”时,老外认为是没有必要的。比如:
 
A. 名词化部分跟在动词后面
 
原句(名词化“冗余”):The police conducted an investigation into the matter.
 
改后:The police investigated the matter.
 
B.名词化部分作为主语
 
原句:Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.
 
改后:We discussed a tax cut.
 
C.连续进行名词化
 
原句:a. First, she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.
 
b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.
 
改后:First, she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.
 
D.连接部分名词化
 
原句:Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses.
 
改后:They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel.
 
原句:The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials.
 
改后:Even though the motor housing was unstable, the research staff completed the field trials.
 
因为中国的传统习惯是在组句中以动词为主,因此在新托福写作的过程中,如何转到地道的表达对大家来说可能是一件比较困难的一件事,不过任何事情只要做了,就有可能发生。相信同学们勤加苦练必然能有所收获。

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